London Science Museum - Revision history

Mthatfalvi at 13:00, 22 June 2017

2017-06-22T13:00:48Z

Npetilli: /* Valentina Tereshkova */

2017-06-22T12:44:21Z

‎Valentina Tereshkova

Mthatfalvi at 13:15, 20 June 2017

2017-06-20T13:15:21Z

Mthatfalvi at 13:14, 20 June 2017

2017-06-20T13:14:03Z

Nbloniarz at 10:43, 20 June 2017

2017-06-20T10:43:43Z

Jaroy: /* Imagine: 2000 - */

2017-06-03T11:46:24Z

‎Imagine: 2000 -

Jaroy: /* Build: 1920-2009 */

2017-06-03T11:08:04Z

‎Build: 1920-2009

Jaroy: /* Dream: 1920-2009 */

2017-06-03T11:02:58Z

‎Dream: 1920-2009

Jaroy: /* Marvel: 1570-1800 */

2017-06-03T10:58:51Z

‎Marvel: 1570-1800

Jaroy: /* Marvel: 1570-1800 */

2017-06-03T10:57:58Z

‎Marvel: 1570-1800

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 =Overview=
-The science museum started in 1857 as part of the South Kensington Museum under Bennet Woodcroft.<ref name = "his">Museum history. (n.d.). Retrieved June 01, 2017, from http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/about-us/history</ref> According to the timeline of events, the Patent Office Museum also opened on the site.<ref name = "his"/> It wasn't until 1862 when the Science collections move to separate buildings on Exhibition Road. In 1909, the Science and Engineering collections housed and running desperately at the time officially got the name Science Museum which is kept today. <ref name = "his"/>
+The science museum started in 1857 as part of the South Kensington Museum under Bennet Woodcroft.<ref name = "his">Museum history. (n.d.). Retrieved June 01, 2017, from http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/about-us/history</ref> According to the timeline of events, the Patent Office Museum also opened on the site.<ref name = "his"/> It wasn't until 1862 when the Science collections move to separate buildings on Exhibition Road. In 1909, the Science and Engineering collections housed and running separately at the time officially got the name Science Museum which is kept today.<ref name = "his"/>
 <br><br>
 __TOC__

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 Tereshkova is described as being a hero and an icon for gender equality, not only in Russia but around the world. After her space mission, she entered the political world and represented the USSR at many different international organizations. She also received the 'Greatest Woman Achiever of the Century' award in 2000 for all of her achievements and hardworking.
 <br><br>
 ==Making the Modern World==
 <br><br>

@@ Line 19: / Line 19: @@
 =Overview=
-The science museum started in 1857 as part of the South Kensington Museum under Bennet Woodcroft. According to the timeline of events, the Patent Office Museum also opened on the site. <ref name = "his">Museum history. (n.d.). Retrieved June 01, 2017, from http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/about-us/history</ref>  It wasn't until  1862 when the Science collections move to separate buildings on Exhibition Road. In 1909, the Science and Engineering collections housed and running desperately at the time officially got the name Science Museum which is kept today. <ref name = "his"/>
+The science museum started in 1857 as part of the South Kensington Museum under Bennet Woodcroft.<ref name = "his">Museum history. (n.d.). Retrieved June 01, 2017, from http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/about-us/history</ref> According to the timeline of events, the Patent Office Museum also opened on the site.<ref name = "his"/> It wasn't until 1862 when the Science collections move to separate buildings on Exhibition Road. In 1909, the Science and Engineering collections housed and running desperately at the time officially got the name Science Museum which is kept today. <ref name = "his"/>
 <br><br>
 __TOC__

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 </gallery>
 <br><br>
-===Silver plated Model of the Forth Bridge===, 1882 Construction of the Forth Bridge was started The Forth Bridge, when completed in 1890, in 1882 to replace the ferry which carried the was the largest span bridge in the world. 57 men lost their lives. east coast rail link north over the Firth ofForth. During construction The proposal had been vigorously opposed The bridge took seven years tobuild, cost €3 million in the money of the timeand used by the rival rail companies which could over 50,000 tonsofsteel, lt was the largest operate faster via the westcoast routes to civil engineering structure achieved during Perth and the Highlands, This 1:480scale model was built to illustrate the proposal to the nineteenth century, and though William aparliamentarycommittee. Morris described t as the supremest specimen ugliness, remainsone of In 1879, the Tay Bridge had fallen in a storm. the industrial wonders of the world, This disaster ensured that the Forth Bridge auwe uimwaronv was designed using themost thorough structural analysis then possible, lt was also the first bridge to use the new steel produced by the Siemensopen-hearth process. The novel design came from the engineering partnership of Fowler and Baker, William as chief contractor,
+===Silver plated Model of the Forth Bridge===
 <br><br>
 ===Hot Air Balloon===
 After you pass through the flying simulators on the third floor you enter a gallery room full of airplanes. But one of the first displays is on the hot air balloon, also referred to a cloud in a bag. <br><br>

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 ===The Aerial Tuning Inductor===
 This was an important part of Rugby Radio Station's transmitter that helped to send messages around the world. This device linked the station's electrical generators and the masts outside being tuned in the process. The use of materials such as American whitewood, enamel, and cotton helped to insulate the device and reduce power loss. The purpose of aerial turning inductor was to correct the frequency of the broadcast to allow it to travel across the world.
 <br><br>
 ==Journeys Through Medicine==
 Text here

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 ===Imagine: 2000 - ===
 Social robots and robots with greater intelligence are making there way into society. People no longer are limited to interacting with robots through machine code. Instead people can interact with and program robots through everyday speech and movements. Robots are becoming people friendly meaning that they are both safer to work with and easier to work with. Now it is just up to imagination where robots will go from here. Harry, the trumpet-player robot, was created by Toyota in 2005. It was designed to promote the idea of a caring and intelligent robotic assistant. The robot can play the trumpet as a human would. Artifical lips and a compressor are used to create human like breath. The fingers are highly dexterous in order to play the instrument. In addition, the robot taps its foot and sways its hips as it plays as a human might. Cousin robots, Nao and Pepper, were both created by SoftBank Robotics to be social robots. Nao has become quite popular for use in schools. He is often used with students with disabilities, especially autism. He can easily be programmed on multiple platforms and has many applications that can be downloaded. Pepper is designed to be a companion at home and interact with visitors at public venues. She can detect emotions and respond accordingly as well as move autonomously. Baxter is an industrial robot meant for manufacturing. He is special though in that he is safe to work alongside humans. Unlike many automated manufacturing systems, Baxter does not need to be surrounded by shields. He is safe and features a user friendly interface. He can be programmed simply by moving his appendages to different positions and recording them. Kaspar was designed for working with autistic children. He helps develop skills such as reading facial expressions, taking turns and understanding personal space.
 <br><br>

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 ===Build: 1920-2009===
 Society is now in the period of building and advancing robots. Engineers work to create more advanced robots. To do so they often turn to the human body and mind. The mind is the ultimate computer and the body represents our ideal mobility for a robot. In doing so, scientists and engineers are discovering just how complex humans are. In order for a robot to walk on two feet the designers must understand how humans do so. It turns out that it is not as simple as putting one foot in front of the other as it is claimed to be in the movie "Santa Claus is Comin' to Town" by Rankin/Bass Productions. Instead, walking is a complex series of sensing and reacting making it a difficult process for robots. Meanwhile, human brains are able to sense and process the information required to walk in the subconscious parts of the brain. Likewise, attempts to create artificial intelligence have further revealed the complexities of the human mind. The brain is capable of complex and significantly more electrical impulses than any computer currently in existence. Furthermore, the intelligence would have to be able to adapt and learn as a human does. Life is complex and not bound by a simple set of rules. Developing social robots requires an understanding of human interactions. It has been found that people are more comfortable interacting with a robot that does not seem like a robot but acts more naturally. This means that it must be able to express and read emotions. Much of this comes down to understanding micro expressions. Just as engineers are learning new ways to advance robots, they must also learn more about people opening up new fields of study. One of the robots on display is a reconstruction of a Cybernetic Tortoise created by Grey Walter. These robots were created with just a few simple touch and light sensors. Walter created them to test his theory that the equivalent of just a few brain cells could be used to achieve decision making that mimics complex, life like behavior. These robots could navigate his home avoiding obstacles. The Honda P2 robot that can be seen on display is the first independently walking humanoid robot. The designers conducted extensive studies on how humans move to create their design. Nonetheless, the design results in large power consumption. The Byrun robot seeks to address some of the Honda P2's problems through further research on human mobility. This design mimics human bi-articulate muscles. Feedback systems are important for sensing the forces present as the robot walks as humans instinctively do. Nexi is a social robot designed for studying human interactions. The robot can express 21 different emotions. This allows scientists to observe how people react to the robot and how to make robots more comfortable to interact with.
 ===Imagine: 2000 - ===
 Social robots and robots with greater intelligence are making there way into society. People no longer are limited to interacting with robots through machine code. Instead people can interact with and program robots through everyday speech and movements. Robots are becoming people friendly meaning that they are both safer to work with and easier to work with. Now it is just up to imagination where robots will go from here. Harry, the trumpet-player robot, was created by Toyota in 2005. It was designed to promote the idea of a caring and intelligent robotic assistant. The robot can play the trumpet as a human would. Artifical lips and a compressor are used to create human like breath. The fingers are highly dexterous in order to play the instrument. In addition, the robot taps its foot and sways its hips as it plays as a human might. Cousin robots, Nao and Pepper, were both created by SoftBank Robotics to be social robots. Nao has become quite popular for use in schools. He is often used with students with disabilities, especially autism. He can easily be programmed on multiple platforms and has many applications that can be downloaded. Pepper is designed to be a companion at home and interact with visitors at public venues. She can detect emotions and respond accordingly as well as move autonomously. Baxter is an industrial robot meant for manufacturing. He is special though in that he is safe to work alongside humans. Unlike many automated manufacturing systems, Baxter does not need to be surrounded by shields. He is safe and features a user friendly interface. He can be programmed simply by moving his appendages to different positions and recording them. Kaspar was designed for working with autistic children. He helps develop skills such as reading facial expressions, taking turns and understanding personal space.

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 ===Dream: 1920-2009===
 This is the era of dreaming of robots. People dreamed about the future of robots and how advanced they could become. They also feared the power they might have. In this room, there is a series of humanoid robots on display. These robots bridge some of the gaps between previous robots and more modern ones. Instead of operating through clockwork, these robots ran on batteries and electronics. People dreamed of these robots taking on domestic roles as housekeepers and providing further services to people. One robot on display is George. He was created in 1949 making him one of the first humanoid robots in the UK. He was the fifth in a series of robots created by Tony Sale. Sale began creating these robots at only 12 years old. George was created from scrap aluminum and controlled via an advanced remote control system that was based on instructions encoded in morse code. Other robots on display are movie stars. Maria was created for "Metropolis" a movie by Fritz Lang. She also inspired later cinematic robots including C-3PO from Star Wars. There is also a T-800 Endoskeleton robot from "Terminator Salvation" on display. These robots were the perfect example of people's fears of the power robots could possess.
 ===Build: 1920-2009===
 Society is now in the period of building and advancing robots. Engineers work to create more advanced robots. To do so they often turn to the human body and mind. The mind is the ultimate computer and the body represents our ideal mobility for a robot. In doing so, scientists and engineers are discovering just how complex humans are. In order for a robot to walk on two feet the designers must understand how humans do so. It turns out that it is not as simple as putting one foot in front of the other as it is claimed to be in the movie "Santa Claus is Comin' to Town" by Rankin/Bass Productions. Instead, walking is a complex series of sensing and reacting making it a difficult process for robots. Meanwhile, human brains are able to sense and process the information required to walk in the subconscious parts of the brain. Likewise, attempts to create artificial intelligence have further revealed the complexities of the human mind. The brain is capable of complex and significantly more electrical impulses than any computer currently in existence. Furthermore, the intelligence would have to be able to adapt and learn as a human does. Life is complex and not bound by a simple set of rules. Developing social robots requires an understanding of human interactions. It has been found that people are more comfortable interacting with a robot that does not seem like a robot but acts more naturally. This means that it must be able to express and read emotions. Much of this comes down to understanding micro expressions. Just as engineers are learning new ways to advance robots, they must also learn more about people opening up new fields of study. One of the robots on display is a reconstruction of a Cybernetic Tortoise created by Grey Walter. These robots were created with just a few simple touch and light sensors. Walter created them to test his theory that the equivalent of just a few brain cells could be used to achieve decision making that mimics complex, life like behavior. These robots could navigate his home avoiding obstacles. The Honda P2 robot that can be seen on display is the first independently walking humanoid robot. The designers conducted extensive studies on how humans move to create their design. Nonetheless, the design results in large power consumption. The Byrun robot seeks to address some of the Honda P2's problems through further research on human mobility. This design mimics human bi-articulate muscles. Feedback systems are important for sensing the forces present as the robot walks as humans instinctively do. Nexi is a social robot designed for studying human interactions. The robot can express 21 different emotions. This allows scientists to observe how people react to the robot and how to make robots more comfortable to interact with.

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 Incredibly, robots date back to the late 16th century. In that time, people explained everything through religion and faith. There was the world of heaven and that of the human body. Clockwork was used to model the heavens. People then questioned if they could do the same for the human body. The first step towards robots was the commissioning of mechanical clocks by churches to call the people to worship. Clocks were the mechanization of the heavens as clocks tracked the time of day and important holidays. Clocks also became a symbol of status and wealth. Some of the earliest recognizable robots came in the form of automatons. Many were commissioned for churches and would display scenes such as Jesus' crucifixion or depict Satan. These displays were magical to those viewing them. The 18th century was the golden age for automatons. Often they were created for nobility. They could perform human tasks and often took on their own character. In addition, prosthetics for show grew in popularity. These prosthetics were functional featuring articulating joints and fingers. They were also meant to be seen. Instead of being hidden under clothes they were showcased and were, in the own way, an art form.
 <gallery mode="packed" heights=225p>
 Image:Automail- sm- JR.jpg|Prosthetics
 </gallery>

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 ===Marvel: 1570-1800===
 Incredibly, robots date back to the late 16th century. In that time, people explained everything through religion and faith. There was the world of heaven and that of the human body. Clockwork was used to model the heavens. People then questioned if they could do the same for the human body. The first step towards robots was the commissioning of mechanical clocks by churches to call the people to worship. Clocks were the mechanization of the heavens as clocks tracked the time of day and important holidays. Clocks also became a symbol of status and wealth. Some of the earliest recognizable robots came in the form of automatons. Many were commissioned for churches and would display scenes such as Jesus' crucifixion or depict Satan. These displays were magical to those viewing them. The 18th century was the golden age for automatons. Often they were created for nobility. They could perform human tasks and often took on their own character. In addition, prosthetics for show grew in popularity. These prosthetics were functional featuring articulating joints and fingers. They were also meant to be seen. Instead of being hidden under clothes they were showcased and were, in the own way, an art form.
 ===Obey: 1800 -1920===
 The Mechanical Turk was an early robot created to play chess that was supposedly unbeatable. As manufacturing picked up, people thought that if a robot could play chess then it could be put to work in industry. This led to mechanizing factories. Looms became powered by engines. Workers had to work in a mechanized, logical fashion.