Strategical Architecture - Revision history

Vnmercouris at 23:25, 22 June 2017

2017-06-22T23:25:48Z

Vnmercouris at 23:22, 22 June 2017

2017-06-22T23:22:09Z

Vnmercouris at 22:33, 22 June 2017

2017-06-22T22:33:56Z

Vnmercouris at 22:29, 22 June 2017

2017-06-22T22:29:32Z

Vnmercouris: /* Farnham Castle */

2017-06-22T21:52:17Z

‎Farnham Castle

Vnmercouris: /* Winding Steps */

2017-06-22T21:30:23Z

‎Winding Steps

Vnmercouris: /* Uneven Steps */

2017-06-22T21:30:05Z

‎Uneven Steps

Vnmercouris: /* Uneven Steps */

2017-06-22T21:29:45Z

‎Uneven Steps

Vnmercouris: /* Uneven Steps */

2017-06-22T21:29:23Z

‎Uneven Steps

Vnmercouris at 21:28, 22 June 2017

2017-06-22T21:28:53Z

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 |title = Strategical Architecture
 |bodystyle  = width:25em
-|image = [[File:ProjectPicture.jpg|x450px|alt=Milestone Image]]
+|image = [[File:Castle-542417 960 720.jpg|x450px|alt=Milestone Image]]
 |label2 = '''Photo Credit'''
-|data2 = [[User:Vjmanzo|V.J. Manzo]]
+|data2 =Patrice Soudier
 }}
@@ Line 15: / Line 14: @@
 =Abstract=
-This project looks at how the architecture of castle might have been used in warfare. By looking at both Farnham Castle and Ashby de la Zouch I explored the remains of two castles that were involved in the the British civil war. I then compared what I found while visiting both of the castles and explained how each of the defences work.
+This project looks at how the architecture of castle might have been used in warfare. By looking at both Farnham Castle and Ashby de la Zouch I explored the remains of two castles that were involved in the British civil war. I then compared what I found while visiting both of the castles and explained how each of the defenses work.
 <br><br>
 =Introduction=
@@ Line 28: / Line 27: @@
 ==The Influence of Castles on Medieval England==
 <br>
-In the 1000s motte and bailey castles were being built all over England and gave way for establishing Norman control through William the Conqueror. The castles provided a small garrison of men the ability to control a decent portion of land and population. By having this control they were able to drive the Saxon rebellion out of the land. After that castle became a place for a lord to run his estate and see the surrounding area that was claimed as his. Over time the small wood motte and bailey castles became large stone fortresses showing off the lord's wealth and power. Over time castles became very important in warfare as a castle usually control a land economy by acting as the treasury.
+In the 1000s motte and bailey castles were being built all over England and gave way for establishing Norman control through William the Conqueror. The castles provided a small garrison of men the ability to control a decent portion of land and population. By having this control they were able to drive the Saxon rebellion out of the land. After that castle became a place for a lord to run his estate and see the surrounding area that was claimed as his. Over time the small wood motte and bailey castles became large stone fortresses showing off the lord's wealth and power. Over time castles became very important in warfare as a castle usually control a land economy by acting as the Treasury.
 <br><br>
 ==Castles in Media==
 <br>
-As of recently castle have grown quite famous due to their role in media. Many TV shows and movies have used castles as the backdrop to their production such as the American musical comedy, Galavant, which was filmed in Farleigh Hungerford Castle, Merlin, The Crown and more. The famous castle Hogwarts was created by J.K. Rowling for the series Harry Potter and has become widely known. Many people also visit restored castles or ruins and take videos, which are posted on the web. Before these portrals though the most famous comes from the many different versions of the Arthurian Legends that have been around since the early 12th century.
+As of recently, castle have grown quite famous due to their role in media. Many TV shows and movies have used castles as the backdrop to their productions such as the American musical comedy, Galavant, which was filmed in Farleigh Hungerford Castle, Merlin, The Crown and more. The famous castle Hogwarts was created by J.K. Rowling for the series Harry Potter and has become widely known. Many people also visit restored castles or ruins and take videos, which are posted on the web. Before these portrayals though the most famous comes from the many different versions of the Arthurian Legends that have been around since the early 12th century.
 <br><br>
 ==Ashby de la Zouch Castle==
 <br>
 [[File: Ashby de la Zouch Castle.jpg|x320px|right|thumb|Ruins of Ashby Castle]]
-The castle of Ashby de la Zouch was a manor house that was modified by [[Lord William Hastings|Lord William Hastings]] in the 15th century. Lord Hastings also build a new chapel and two towers that still stand in the ruins. The ruins also contain the remains of a kitchen and a great tower. While Lord Hastings was the one to start work on Ashby de la Zouch Castle he was executed in 1483 interrupting work on the castle, however, Ashby became a prominent site for his descendants. During the time of the Civil War, Ashby became an important royalist base under the command of Henry Hastings. The castle served as a steady fortification during the war till it surrendered in 1646 with its fortifications being demolished two years later. It wasn't until the 19th century that Ashby became popular as a tourist location, due to Sir Walter Scott's novel Ivanhoe (1819).
+The castle of Ashby de la Zouch was a manor house that was modified by [[Lord William Hastings|Lord William Hastings]] in the 15th century. Lord Hastings also build a new chapel and two towers that still stand in the ruins. The ruins also contain the remains of a kitchen and a great tower. While Lord Hastings was the one to start work on Ashby de la Zouch Castle he was executed in 1483 interrupting work on the castle, however, Ashby became a prominent site for his descendants. During the time of the Civil War, Ashby became an important Royalist base under the command of Henry Hastings. The castle served as a steady fortification during the war till it surrendered in 1646 with its fortifications being demolished two years later. It wasn't until the 19th century that Ashby became popular as a tourist location, due to Sir Walter Scott's novel Ivanhoe (1819).
 ==Farnham Castle==
-Farnham Castle, almost 900 years old, was a place for powerful and wealthy medieval Bishops of Winchester. For hundreds of years it served as an administrative center, fortress and accommodations, as well ass providing a convenient stopping place in between London and Winchester. For over 800 year bishops renovated and rebuilt the castle buildings which ensured the castles survival as well as covered up and destroyed evidence of earlier building work. During the British Civil War Farnham's position on the western edge of the area held by Parliament made the castle strategically important. In 1642 Captain George Wither became a commander of a Parliamentarian garrison at Farnham Castle. On November 10 he evacuated the castle after reports of a Royalist advance across the Thames into Surrey. A few days later the keep was occupied under a Royalist. Parliament then sent a regiment under the command of Colonel Sir William Walle to the keep. On November 26 after a three-hour assault, the attackers blew up the central gate and attacked the keep causing the Royalist soldiers to surrender. It was then on December 29 that Waller ordered the north-eastern wall of the keep blown up. Once the war had ended Parliament in 1648 ordered that Farnham Castle be made indefensible. In 1958 archaeologists discovered the remains of a smaller square tower buried withing the larger round keep. This earlier keep was a variant form of a motte and bailey castle. Sometime in the middle of the 12th century, the tower was knocked down, probably order by Henry II, leaving the foundation and the well which remained until a Tudor Bishop had both filled in. The castle now is used as a training, conference, and event venue. In 2011, a permanent exhibition '900 Year of Living History' opened in the stable block and is still open to the public today
+Farnham Castle, almost 900 years old, was a place for powerful and wealthy medieval Bishops of Winchester. For hundreds of years, it served as an administrative center, fortress, and accommodations, as well ass providing a convenient stopping place in between London and Winchester. For over 800-years bishops renovated and rebuilt the castle buildings which ensured the castles survival as well as covered up and destroyed evidence of earlier building work. During the British Civil War Farnham's position on the western edge of the area held by Parliament made the castle strategically important. In 1642 Captain George Wither became a commander of a Parliamentarian garrison at Farnham Castle. On November 10 he evacuated the castle after reports of a Royalist advance across the Thames into Surrey. A few days later the keep was occupied under a Royalist. Parliament then sent a regiment under the command of Colonel Sir William Walle to the keep. On November 26 after a three-hour assault, the attackers blew up the central gate and attacked the keep causing the Royalist soldiers to surrender. It was then on December 29 that Waller ordered the north-eastern wall of the keep blown up. Once the war had ended Parliament in 1648 ordered that Farnham Castle be made indefensible. In 1958 archaeologists discovered the remains of a smaller square tower buried withing the larger round keep. This earlier keep was a variant form of a motte and bailey castle. Sometime in the middle of the 12th century, the tower was knocked down, probably order by Henry II, leaving the foundation and the well which remained until a Tudor Bishop had both filled in. The castle now is used as a training, conference, and event venue. In 2011, a permanent exhibition '900 Year of Living History' opened in the stable block and is still open to the public today
 =Section 2: Deliverable=
 <br><br>
@@ Line 55: / Line 54: @@
 ===Winding Steps===
-Since the castle was blown up there is not much remaining in the way of staircases but on the one tower remaining there is a tall winding staircase. When the tower was being attacked these staircases would provide a benefit to those at the top due to the direction the stairs traveled. If coming from the top a person would be traveling counter clockwise. As most people are right handed this gave them more room to swing their sword then the enemy who would be travel clockwise as the made their way upwards.
+Since the castle was blown up there is not much remaining in the way of staircases but on the one tower remaining there is a tall winding staircase. When the tower was being attacked these staircases would provide a benefit to those at the top due to the direction the stairs traveled. If coming from the top a person would be traveling counter clockwise. As most people are right-handed this gave them more room to swing their sword then the enemy who would be travel clockwise as the made their way upwards.
 <br><br>
 [[File: Winding Stairs.jpg]]

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 |image = [[File:ProjectPicture.jpg|x450px|alt=Milestone Image]]
 |caption = Your Project Page Picture Caption
 }}
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 ==Castles in Media==
 <br>
-As of recently castle have grown quite famous due to their role in media. Many TV shows and movies have used castles as the backdrop to there production such as the American musical comedy, Galavant, which was filmed in Farleigh Hungerford Castle, Merlin, The Crown and more. The famous castle Hogwarts was created by J.K. Rowling for the series Harry Potter and has become widely known. Many people also visit restored castles or ruins and take videos, which are posted on the web. Before these portrals though the most famous comes from the many different versions of the Arthurian Legends that have been around since the early 12th century.
+As of recently castle have grown quite famous due to their role in media. Many TV shows and movies have used castles as the backdrop to their production such as the American musical comedy, Galavant, which was filmed in Farleigh Hungerford Castle, Merlin, The Crown and more. The famous castle Hogwarts was created by J.K. Rowling for the series Harry Potter and has become widely known. Many people also visit restored castles or ruins and take videos, which are posted on the web. Before these portrals though the most famous comes from the many different versions of the Arthurian Legends that have been around since the early 12th century.
 <br><br>
 ==Ashby de la Zouch Castle==
@@ Line 38: / Line 40: @@
 ==Farnham Castle==
-Farnham Castle, almost 900 years old, was a place for powerful and wealthy medieval Bishops of WInchester. For hundreds of years it served as an adminsitrative center, fortress and accomedations, as well ass providing a convientient stoping place in between London and Winchester. For over 800 year bishops renovated and rebuilt the castle buildings which insured the castles survival as well as covered up and distroyed evidence of earlier building work. During the British Civil War Farnhams postition on the western edge of the area held by Parliamnet made the castle stratigically important. In 1642 Captain George Wither became a commander of a Parliamentarian garrison at Farnham Castle. On November 10 he evacuated the castle after reports of a Royalist advance accross the Thames into Surey. A few days later the keep was occupied under a Royalist. Parliament then sent a regiment under the comand of Colonel Sir William Walle to the keep. On November 26 after a three dhour assault the attackers blew up the central gate and attacked the keep causing the Royalist solders to surrender. It was then on December 29 that Waller ordered the north-eastern wall of the keep blown up. Once the war had ended Parliament in 1648 ordered that Farnham Castle be made indfensable. In 1958 archaelogist discovered the remains of a smaller square tower buried withing the larger round keep. This earlier keep was a variant form of a motte and bailey castle. Sometime in the middle of the 12th century, the tower was knocked down, probably order by Henry II, leaving the foundation and the well which remained until a Tudor Bishop had both filled in. The castle npw is used as a training, conference, and event venue. In 2011, a permanent exhibition '900 Year of Living History' opened in the stable block and is still open to the public today
+Farnham Castle, almost 900 years old, was a place for powerful and wealthy medieval Bishops of Winchester. For hundreds of years it served as an administrative center, fortress and accommodations, as well ass providing a convenient stopping place in between London and Winchester. For over 800 year bishops renovated and rebuilt the castle buildings which ensured the castles survival as well as covered up and destroyed evidence of earlier building work. During the British Civil War Farnham's position on the western edge of the area held by Parliament made the castle strategically important. In 1642 Captain George Wither became a commander of a Parliamentarian garrison at Farnham Castle. On November 10 he evacuated the castle after reports of a Royalist advance across the Thames into Surrey. A few days later the keep was occupied under a Royalist. Parliament then sent a regiment under the command of Colonel Sir William Walle to the keep. On November 26 after a three-hour assault, the attackers blew up the central gate and attacked the keep causing the Royalist soldiers to surrender. It was then on December 29 that Waller ordered the north-eastern wall of the keep blown up. Once the war had ended Parliament in 1648 ordered that Farnham Castle be made indefensible. In 1958 archaeologists discovered the remains of a smaller square tower buried withing the larger round keep. This earlier keep was a variant form of a motte and bailey castle. Sometime in the middle of the 12th century, the tower was knocked down, probably order by Henry II, leaving the foundation and the well which remained until a Tudor Bishop had both filled in. The castle now is used as a training, conference, and event venue. In 2011, a permanent exhibition '900 Year of Living History' opened in the stable block and is still open to the public today
 =Section 2: Deliverable=
 <br><br>
 ==Ashby de la Zouch Castle==
 <br>
-This Castle started out as a manor so while being built there was never a need to make sure that the castle had much defensive architecture. Ashby de la Zouch was designed to be a place of luxory so it was filled with a large kitchen, bedrooms, a hall for entertaining. There also was a chapel on site for the household who would have been served by priests and singers. It wasn't until the time of the civil war that the Ashby was used a base for the RoyalistsBoth the town and castle were fortified by Henery, the fifth Earl of Huntingdon. In the town, several buildings were torn down and used to create defenses, with the castle as the focus of these arrangements being dubbed 'Hastings' Stronghold'. When the Royalist eventually surrended Ashby they were allowed to leave safely but the castle was unfortunly bombed.
+This Castle started out as a manner so while being built there was never a need to make sure that the castle had much defensive architecture. Ashby de la Zouch was designed to be a place of luxury so it was filled with a large kitchen, bedrooms, a hall for entertaining. There also was a chapel on site for the household who would have been served by priests and singers. It wasn't until the time of the civil war that the Ashby was used a base for the RoyalistsBoth the town and castle were fortified by Henery, the fifth Earl of Huntingdon. In the town, several buildings were torn down and used to create defenses, with the castle as the focus of these arrangements being dubbed 'Hastings' Stronghold'. When the Royalist eventually surrendered Ashby they were allowed to leave safely but the castle was unfortunately bombed.
 <br>
 ===Uneven Steps===
 [[File: Stairs 1.png|x320px|right|thumb||One hand and a quarter high]]
 [[File: Stair 2.png|x320px|right|thumb||Almost two hands tall]]
-One thing that I noticed was this particular step of uneven stairs, while I was on the look out for defensive architecture I actually found these because I trip over them, which was the purpose behind them. The idea was that the people living there and climbing the stairs everyday would get used to the steps but those who would try and storm the tower would trip unfamiliar with the layout. As you can see in the picture one step is about a hand and a quater high while the other is almost two hands high. While this many seem like not much to the eye people climping the stairs in a hurry would be used to all steps being a certain level and this would cause them to at least stumble.
+One thing that I noticed was this particular step of uneven stairs, while I was on the lookout for defensive architecture I actually found these because I trip over them, which was the purpose behind them. The idea was that the people living there and climbing the stairs every day would get used to the steps but those who would try and storm the tower would trip unfamiliar with the layout. As you can see in the picture one step is about a hand and a quarter high while the other is almost two hands high. While this many seem like not much to the eye people climbing the stairs in a hurry would be used to all steps being a certain level and this would cause them to at least stumble.
 <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>
 <br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>
 ===Winding Steps===
-Since the castle was blown up there is not much remaining in the way of stair cases but on the one tower remaining there is a tall winding stair case. When the tower was being attacked these stair cases would provide a benefit to those at the top due to the direction the stair traveled. If coming from the top a person would be traveling counter clockwise. As most people are right handed this gave them more room to swing their sword then the enemy who would be travel clockwise as the made there way upwards.
+Since the castle was blown up there is not much remaining in the way of staircases but on the one tower remaining there is a tall winding staircase. When the tower was being attacked these staircases would provide a benefit to those at the top due to the direction the stairs traveled. If coming from the top a person would be traveling counter clockwise. As most people are right handed this gave them more room to swing their sword then the enemy who would be travel clockwise as the made their way upwards.
 <br><br>
 [[File: Winding Stairs.jpg]]
@@ Line 59: / Line 61: @@
 ===Supply Tunnels===
-It was only during the civil war that the castle had supply tunnels built. These ran under the castles wall and were used to move troops and supplies. There also was a large storge area at the end of the tunnel that was used to store supplies.
+It was only during the civil war that the castle had supply tunnels built. These ran under the castle's wall and were used to move troops and supplies. There also was a large storage area at the end of the tunnel that was used to store supplies.
 [[File: Tunnel.jpg|Supply Tunnel]]
 <br>
@@ Line 87: / Line 89: @@
 =Conclusion=
 <br>
-This project forcused on looking for strategical or defensive architecture in castles that would have help protect it against enemies. I found that the type of defensive varied based on the original purposed of the building. One way to expand upon this project is to visit some more of the many other castles in the United Kingdom and look at how there defenses compare with what I have already found.
+This project forcused on looking for strategical or defensive architecture in castles that would have help protect it against enemies. I found that the type of defensive varied based on the original purposed of the building. One way to expand upon this project is to visit some more of the many other castles in the United Kingdom and look at how their defenses compare with what I have already found.
 <br><br>
 =References=

@@ Line 17: / Line 17: @@
 =Introduction=
 <br>
-I suggest you save this section for last. Describe the essence of this project. Cover what the project is and who cares in the first two sentences. Then cover what others have done like it, how your project is different. Discuss the extent to which your strategy for completing this project was new to you, or an extension of previous HUA experiences.
+The goal of this milestone is to explore architecture beyond style and look at instead functionality. This was done by visiting two castles and exploring the remains of both in search of examples of defenses that would have been useful if an enemy decided to attack. There has been a lot of previous studies on castle defenses in general but I intended to focus on two specific castles, Farnham and Ashby de la Zouch.
 <br><br>

@@ Line 13: / Line 13: @@
 =Abstract=
-The paragraph should give a three to five sentence abstract about your entire London HUA experience including 1) a summary of the aims of your project, 2) your prior experience with humanities and arts courses and disciplines, and 3) your major takeaways from the experience. This can and should be very similar to the paragraph you use to summarize this milestone on your [[Template Profile|Profile Page]]. It should contain your main '''Objective''', so be sure to clearly state a one-sentence statement that summarizes your main objective for this milestone such as "a comparison of the text of Medieval English choral music to that of the Baroque" or it may be a question such as "to what extent did religion influence Christopher Wren's sense of design?"
+This project looks at how the architecture of castle might have been used in warfare. By looking at both Farnham Castle and Ashby de la Zouch I explored the remains of two castles that were involved in the the British civil war. I then compared what I found while visiting both of the castles and explained how each of the defences work.
 <br><br>
 =Introduction=
 <br>
 I suggest you save this section for last. Describe the essence of this project. Cover what the project is and who cares in the first two sentences. Then cover what others have done like it, how your project is different. Discuss the extent to which your strategy for completing this project was new to you, or an extension of previous HUA experiences.
 <br><br>
@@ Line 73: / Line 71: @@
 <br>
 ===Drawbridge===
 [[File: Drawbridge.jpg]]
-Before entering the keep an enemy would first have to cross a deep pit. This would be done by going over the drawbridge when down. What is good with this set up is that there was a room right about the bridge that housed all the mechanics for it so if an enemy attempted to cross over it would be easy to raise it.
+[[File: Brick Path.jpg]]
 ===Murder-Hole===
 [[File: Bottom Murder Hole.jpg]]
 ==Comparison==
 <br>
-...and so on and so forth...
+Each of the castles have their own unique set of architecture and in my opinion, I feel that they are so different from each other because of the way the buildings were originally designed. With Ashby de la Zouch there really wasn't much thought of warfare when designing the building, most of the money and resources were for style or luxury. This lead to very few and non-effective defenses such as with the stairs. The other thing to note is that the tunnel also was something that was built once the civil war had started so when looking at the original building it would not have been there. Farnham Castle, on the other hand, was built to be defended. This allowed for the drawbridge and murder-hole to be purposefully put into the design. It is unfortunate that both of these castles were so radically altered after the civil war we will never have true images of the buildings' original forms.
 <br><br>
 =Conclusion=
 <br>
-In this section, provide a summary or recap of your work, as well as potential areas of further inquiry (for yourself, future students, or other researchers).
+This project forcused on looking for strategical or defensive architecture in castles that would have help protect it against enemies. I found that the type of defensive varied based on the original purposed of the building. One way to expand upon this project is to visit some more of the many other castles in the United Kingdom and look at how there defenses compare with what I have already found.
 <br><br>
 =References=
@@ Line 106: / Line 97: @@
 <br><br>
 Seats of power in europe during the hundred years war (2015). . Havertown: Oxbow Books. Retrieved from http://ebookcentral.proquest.com.ezproxy.wpi.edu/lib/wpi/detail.action?docID=4542922
 <br><br>
 [[Category:2017]]
 <br><br>
 [[Category:History Projects]]

@@ Line 68: / Line 68: @@
 ==Farnham Castle==
 <br>
-...and so on and so forth...
+===Archer WIndow===
-<br><br>
+These windows were created to be used for archers. There skinny long shape was to allow for an archer to be able to shot at the incoming enemy from above while providing as much protection as possible.
 ==Comparison==
 <br>