British Museum

British Museum

British Museum

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Artist	Attributed to Olivia Gibbs

Overview

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Background or Origin of Article

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Jewerly Through History

Ancient Egypt and Sudan

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Middle East

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Prehistory and Europe

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Prehistory and Europe

Organize each section of this article so that it has a logical flow. If you intend to discuss one aspect of the origin of a person, place, thing, or idea, identify the appropriate existing section of the article, or create that section if it doesn't exist. Then, make a clear subheading. If you notice that some other information is not organized clearly, rearrange the information, but do so cautiously and responsibly! The goal here is clarity for the reader.

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Europe

Earthenware

Earthenware is a special type of pottery made from clay that is fired below 1200 degrees C. In the British Museum you can find tons of earthenware, especially in the Europe 1800-1900 galleries. Below are a few tiles and a cup, all designed by A.W.N Pugin around the 1850's and printed by Minton & Co. The tiles were made from dust clay, which created the smooth surface for printing. However due to limitations some colors were hard to add by printing, so they were added by hand.Printed tiles from medieval times have been found with only two colors, buff and red. However the designer Pugin wanted more options so Minton developed more colors which included blue, green, brown, and white.

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  Earthenware tile
  Hand-painted with stylized lilies

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  Earthenware Tazza
  Transfer-printed with Gothic motifs

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  Set of four earthenware encaustic tiles

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  Set of four earthenware encaustic tiles
  With six-color inlay

Chess

The British Museum has on display a full chess game with each individual pawn during the Medieval Europe time period. Many are hand carved with details for powerful pawns. It was during this time, when chess was first created, to be played by knights to build strategy and skill. From playing they built up their tactic abilities which was seen as a positive achievement there for making chess one of seven knightly accomplishments. Clergy were not allowed to play because of the church's ruling on chess, but as time went on they soon loosened their ruling and they too could play. Men and women played chess which had become a way of flirty.

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  Medieval Europe
  Chess Game Set
  

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  Hand Carved
  Chess Pieces

Africa

Ancient Egypt

Sculpture

The British Museum holds one of the largest, and most extensive, collection of Egyptian artifacts, many of which are statues. A significant portion of this collection is comprised of statues. The majority of the statues are made from stone, mainly granodorite and quartzite. The statues depict important figures from Egyptian history, including Ramesses II, Amenhotep III, as well as Gods. The museum also contains sarcophagi made of stone of various leaders. In the second floor gallery, mummies lying within their sarcophagus are on display; these sarcophagi are much more decorated, containing both paintings and carvings rather than just the carvings, then the stone ones below.

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  "Amonhitep III"

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  "Ramesses II"

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  "Some of the mummies"

Greek and Roman

Busts

Carved from marble, Greek and Roman busts depict the upper body of the human figure. Each bust is supported by a single pedestal, known as a plinth, that vary in design and scale. The Roman empire drew large influence from Greek religion, culture, and art. This can be clear seen in Roman imitation sculptures and art inspired by Greek myths and figures. As such, sculptures produced by both Ancient Greece and the Roman Empire share similar styles and components including sculpting materials, realistic imitation of the human form, and depiction of myths and mythical characters.

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  Roman bust imitation
  of the Greek hero Meleager

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  Greek bust of a supposed boxer

Nereid Monument

Nereid Monument

The Nereid Monument was built for Arbinas, a Xanthian dynast, and his family. Although it was built in south-west Turkey, its design was heavily influenced by the Greek mainland as can be seen. The design and sculpture is Greek, but what is portrayed is Lykian.

Rosetta Stone

The Rosetta Stone was discovered in Fort Julien near Rashid, Egypt by a French Soldier in 1799. Inscribed on the stone is the same decree in three versions, Hieroglyphic script, Demotic script, and Ancient Greek. Having the same decree in three languages allowed Egyptian Hieroglyphics to be deciphered.

Great Migrations

Lombards

Lombardic jewelry

Found at a grave site, the finger ring contains a Germanic name, but was used for sealing documents in what is Roman tradition.

The Lombards were a Germanic people, residing in southern Scandinavia, migrating further south until reaching Italy. They conquered the area, which was devastated after the Gothic War between the Ostrogoths and the Byzantine Empire. For two centuries they ruled a large part of Italy, save for territories the Byzantines were able to hold on to, like Rome and Ravenna. However, as time went on, they gradually began adopting Byzantine traditions, including practicing Christianity.
The resulting Lombardic Kingdom

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Image Gallery

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